Reports that Matter

The 9/11 Commission Report · 2004

APPENDIX C COMMISSION HEARINGS

Section 62 of 63

APPENDIX C COMMISSION HEARINGS

The Commission held 12 public hearings during the course of its investigation, convening for a total of 19 days and receiving testimony from 160 witnesses. The following is a list of hearings and witnesses in order of their appearance. All witnesses appearing during the 2004 calendar year testified under oath.

FIRST PUBLIC HEARING

  • Alexander Hamilton Customs House, New York, N.Y.
  • March 31–April 1, 2003
  • The Honorable George Pataki, Governor, State of New York
  • The Honorable Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor, City of New York
  • The Experience of the Attack
  • Harry Waizer, survivor, Cantor Fitzgerald, LP
  • David Lim, Police Department, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
  • Lee Ielpi, Fire Department of New York (retired)
  • Lieutenant Colonel Brian Birdwell, United States Army
  • Craig Sincock, United States Army (retired)
  • Representatives of the Victims
  • Stephen Push, Families of September 11
  • Mary Fetchet,Voices of September 11
  • Mindy Kleinberg, September 11 Advocates
  • Allison Vadhan, Families of Flight 93
  • The Attackers, Intelligence, and Counterterrorism Policy
  • Daniel Byman, Georgetown University
  • Abraham D. Sofaer, Hoover Institution
  • Brian Jenkins, RAND Corporation
  • Magnus Ranstorp, University of St.Andrews
  • Borders, Money, and Transportation Security
  • Glenn Fine, Inspector General, U.S. Department of Justice
  • Lee Wolosky, Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP
  • Gerald Dillingham, Director, Civil Aviation Issues, General Accounting Office
  • Law Enforcement, Domestic Intelligence, and Homeland Security
  • Michael Wermuth, RAND Corporation
  • Steven Brill,Author, After: How America Confronted the September 12 Era
  • Zoë Baird, Markle Foundation
  • Randy Larsen,ANSER Institute for Homeland Security
  • Immediate Response to the Attacks
  • Shawn Kelley,Assistant Chief,Arlington County Fire Department
  • William Baker,American Society of Civil Engineers
  • Ken Holden, Commissioner, New York City Department of Design and Construction
440

SECOND PUBLIC HEARING

  • Congress and Civil Aviation Security
  • Hart Senate Office Building,Washington, D.C.
  • May 22–23, 2003
  • Congressional Oversight
  • Representative Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.)
  • Senator John McCain (R-Az.)
  • Senator Joseph Lieberman (D-Conn.)
  • Intelligence Oversight and the Joint Inquiry
  • Senator Bob Graham (D-Fla.)
  • Senator Richard Shelby (R-Ala.)
  • Representative Porter Goss (R-Fla.)
  • Representative Jane Harman (D-Calif.)
  • Affected Constituencies
  • Senator Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.)
  • Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-N.Y.)
  • Senator Jon Corzine (D-N.J.)
  • Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-N.J.)
  • Representative Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.)
  • Representative Christopher Shays (R-Conn.)
  • State of the System: Civil Aviation Security on September 11
  • Jane Garvey, former Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Kenneth Mead, Inspector General, Department of Transportation
  • James May, Air Transport Association of America
  • Bogdan Dzakovic, Civil Aviation Security Inspector, Transportation Security Agency
  • September 11, 2001: The Attacks and the Response
  • The Honorable Norman Mineta, Secretary of Transportation
  • Major General Craig McKinley, Commander, 1st Air Force and the Continental United States NORAD Region (CONR)
  • Lieutenant General Mike Canavan (retired), former Associate Administrator for Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administrator
  • Reforming Civil Aviation Security: Next Steps
  • Stephen McHale, Deputy Administrator,Transportation Security Agency
  • Major General O.K. Steele (retired), former Associate Administrator for Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Mary Schiavo, former Inspector General, Department of Transportation
441

THIRD PUBLIC HEARING

  • Terrorism, al Qaeda, and the Muslim World
  • Russell Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
  • July 9, 2003
  • Al Qaeda
  • Rohan Gunaratna, Institute for Defence and Strategic Studies
  • Mamoun Fandy, United States Institute of Peace
  • Marc Sageman, University of Pennsylvania
  • States and Terrorism
  • Laurie Mylroie,American Enterprise Institute
  • Judith Yaphe, National Defense University
  • Murhaf Jouejati, Middle East Institute and George Washington University
  • Mark Gasiorowski, Louisiana State University
  • The Challenge within the Muslim World
  • Rachel Bronson, Council on Foreign Relations
  • Steven Emerson,The Investigative Project
  • Gilles Kepel, Institute of Political Studies, Paris
  • Dennis Ross,Washington Institute for Near East Policy

FOURTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Intelligence and the War on Terrorism
  • Russell Senate Office Building,Washington, D.C.
  • October 14, 2003
  • Leadership of U.S. Intelligence
  • James R. Schlesinger, former Director of Central Intelligence and Secretary of Defense
  • John M. Deutch, former Director of Central Intelligence and Deputy Secretary of Defense
  • Intelligence and National Security Policy
  • James B. Steinberg,The Brookings Institution and former Deputy National Security Advisor
  • Warning of Transnational Threats
  • Richard Kerr, former Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
  • Mary O. McCarthy, former National Intelligence Officer for Warning, Central Intelligence Agency
  • John Gannon, Staff Director, House Select Committee on Homeland Security
442

FIFTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Private/Public Sector Partnerships for Emergency Preparedness
  • Drew University, Madison, N.J.
  • November 19, 2003
  • Highlights of New Jersey's Public/Private Sector Partnerships
  • The Honorable James E. McGreevey, Governor, State of New Jersey
  • The Challenge of Private Sector Preparedness
  • John Degnan,The Chubb Corporation
  • Skyscraper Safety Issues from 9/11 Family Members
  • Monica Gabrielle, Skyscraper Safety Campaign Sally Regenhard, Skyscraper Safety Campaign
  • Public/Private Initiatives Since 9/11
  • Michael F. Byrne, Director, Office of National Capital Region Coordination, Department of Homeland Security
  • Dennis J. Reimer, Oklahoma National Memorial Institute for Prevention of Terrorism
  • Richard A.Andrews, National Center for Crisis and Continuity Coordination
  • Private Sector Experience on 9/11
  • William Y.Yun, Fiduciary Trust Company International
  • Standards for Emergency Management and Business Continuity
  • Glenn Corbett, John Jay College of Criminal Justice
  • Randall Yim, Director, National Preparedness Team, General Accounting Office
  • Future Strategies for Private Sector Preparedness
  • William G. Raisch, Greater New York Safety Council
  • Peter R. Orszag,The Brookings Institution
  • James Haviaris, Rockefeller Group Development Corporation
  • Thomas Susman, Ropes & Gray
443

SIXTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Security and Liberty
  • Russell Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
  • December 8, 2003
  • Intelligence Collection within the United States
  • Larry D.Thompson, former Deputy Attorney General of the United States
  • Philip B. Heymann, former Deputy Attorney General of the United States
  • Stephen J. Schulhofer, New York University, School of Law
  • Protecting Privacy, Preventing Terrorism
  • Judith A. Miller, former General Counsel, Department of Defense
  • Stewart A. Baker, former General Counsel, National Security Agency
  • Marc Rotenberg, Electronic Privacy Information Center
  • Preventive Detention: Use of Immigration Laws and Enemy Combatant Designations to Combat Terrorism
  • Jan Ting,Temple University
  • Khaled Medhat Abou El Fadl, UCLA School of Law
  • David Martin, University of Virginia School of Law and former General Counsel, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
  • Government Organization and Domestic Intelligence
  • The Honorable William P. Barr, former Attorney General of the United States
  • John J. Hamre, former Deputy Secretary of Defense
  • John MacGaffin, former Associate Deputy Director for Operations, Central Intelligence Agency

SEVENTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Borders, Transportation, and Managing Risk
  • Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
  • January 26–27, 2004
  • The Border Security System Prior to September 11
  • Mary A. Ryan, former Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs, Department of State
  • Doris Meissner, former Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
  • An Incident in Florida
  • Jose E. Melendez-Perez, Inspector, Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security
  • Visas and Watchlisting Today
  • Maura Harty,Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs, Department of State
  • Russell E.Travers, Deputy Director, Information Sharing and Knowledge Management Department,Terrorist Threat Integration Center, Central Intelligence Agency
  • Donna A. Bucella, Director,Terrorist Screening Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • The Response to September 11 on the Borders
  • James Ziglar, former Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice
  • Robert C. Bonner, Commissioner, Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security
  • Peter F.Verga, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Homeland Defense, Department of Defense
  • Aviation Security on 9/11: The Regulators
  • Jane F. Garvey, former Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Cathal L."Irish" Flynn, former Associate Administrator of Civil Aviation Security, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Claudio Manno,Assistant Administrator for Intelligence,Transportation Security Administration
  • Aviation Security on 9/11: The Airlines
  • Edmond L. Soliday, former Vice President of Safety, Quality Assurance, and Security, United Airlines
  • Andrew P. Studdert, former Chief Operating Officer, United Airlines
  • Gerard J.Arpey, Chief Executive Officer,American Airlines
  • Timothy J. Ahern,Vice President–DFW Hub, and former Vice President of Safety, Security, and Environmental, American Airlines
  • Acts of Courage in the Sky
  • Nydia Gonzalez, Manager, Southeast Reservations Center, American Airlines
  • Risk Management after September 11
  • James M. Loy, Deputy Secretary, Department of Homeland Security
444

EIGHTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Counterterrorism Policy
  • Hart Senate Office Building,Washington, D.C.
  • March 23–24, 2004
  • Diplomacy
  • The Honorable Madeleine K.Albright, former Secretary of State
  • The Honorable Colin L. Powell, Secretary of State
  • The Military
  • The Honorable William S. Cohen, former Secretary of Defense
  • The Honorable Donald H. Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense
  • Intelligence Policy
  • The Honorable George J.Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence
  • National Policy Coordination
  • The Honorable Samuel R. Berger, former Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
  • Richard A. Clarke, former National Coordinator for Counterterrorism, National Security Council
  • Richard L. Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State
445

NINTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
  • April 8, 2004

The Honorable Condoleezza Rice,Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs

TENTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Law Enforcement and Intelligence
  • Hart Senate Office Building,Washington, D.C.
  • April 13–14, 2004
  • Law Enforcement, Counterterrorism, and Intelligence Collection in the United States Prior to 9/11
  • The Honorable Louis J. Freeh, former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • The Honorable Janet Reno, former Attorney General of the United States
  • Threats and Responses in 2001
  • Thomas J. Pickard, former Acting Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Ambassador J. Cofer Black, former Director, Counterterrorism Center, Central Intelligence Agency
  • The Honorable John Ashcroft, Attorney General of the United States

The Performance of the Intelligence Community The Honorable George J.Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence

  • Preventing Future Attacks Inside the United States
  • John O. Brennan, Director, Terrorist Threat Integration Center, Central Intelligence Agency
  • Lieutenant General Patrick M. Hughes, Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis, Department of Homeland Security
  • John S. Pistole, Executive Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • James L. Pavitt, Deputy Director of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
  • FBI Leadership and Initiatives Post-9/11
  • The Honorable Robert S. Mueller III, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Maureen Baginski, Executive Assistant Director for Intelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation
446

ELEVENTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • Emergency Response
  • New School University, New York, N.Y.
  • May 18–19, 2004
  • Alan Reiss, former Director,World Trade Center, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
  • Joseph Morris, former Chief, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department
  • Bernard B. Kerik, former Commissioner, New York Police Department
  • Thomas Von Essen, former Commissioner, Fire Department of New York
  • Richard Sheirer, former Director, NewYork City Office of Emergency Management
  • Raymond W. Kelly, Commissioner, New York Police Department
  • Nicholas Scoppetta, Commissioner, Fire Department of New York
  • Joseph F. Bruno, Director, New York City Office of Emergency Management
  • The Honorable Rudolph W. Giuliani, former Mayor, City of New York
  • Dennis Smith,Author, Report from Ground Zero
  • Jerome M. Hauer, former Commissioner, NewYork City Office of Emergency Management
  • Edward P. Plaugher, Chief, Arlington County Fire Department
  • The Honorable Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor, City of New York
  • The Honorable Thomas J. Ridge, Secretary of Homeland Security

TWELFTH PUBLIC HEARING

  • The 9/11 Plot and National Crisis Management
  • National Transportation Safety Board Conference Center, Washington, D.C.
  • June 16–17, 2004
  • Al Qaeda
  • Mary Deborah Doran, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Patrick J. Fitzgerald, U.S.Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois CIA Officials
  • Outline of the 9/11 Plot
  • Jacqueline Maguire, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • James N. Fitzgerald, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
  • Adam B. Drucker, Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation CIA Officials
  • Military Response on 9/11
  • General Richard B. Myers, United States Air Force, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • Admiral (select) Charles Joseph Leidig, United States Navy, Deputy Director for Operations, National Military Command Center
  • General Ralph E. Eberhart, United States Air Force, Commander, North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and United States Northern Command
  • Major General Larry Arnold, United States Air Force (retired), former Commander, Continental United States NORAD Region (CONR)
  • FAA Response on 9/11
  • Monte R. Belger, former Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Jeff Griffith, former Deputy Director, Air Traffic Control, Federal Aviation Administration
  • John S.White, former Facility Manager, Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center, Federal Aviation Administration
  • Benedict Sliney, Operations Manager, New York Terminal Radar Approach Control, Federal Aviation Administration
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